Cambodia
Support for Mine Action
In 2014, the Kingdom of Cambodia received US$30.3 million of international assistance from 12 donors; this represents a decrease of more than $2.6 million from 2013.[1]
The largest contributions went from Japan ($10.7 million), the United States (US) ($7.2 million), and the United Kingdom (UK) ($2 million) towards clearance, victim assistance, risk education, and capacity-building activities.
In October 2015, the US provided additional support of $2.5 million to clear explosive remnants of war in east Cambodia. The project will be implemented by the Cambodian Mine Action Center and Norwegian People’s Aid.[2]
Although donors contributed to various sector (advocacy, capacity-building, clearance, risk education, and victim assistance), of the total contribution more than 60% went towards clearance.
Cambodia’s contribution to its own mine action program in 2014 was not available.
International contributions: 2014[3]
Donor |
Sector |
Amount |
Amount |
Japan |
Various |
¥1,132,822,756 |
10,713,285 |
US |
Clearance |
$7,249,000 |
7,249,000 |
UK |
Clearance and rvictim assistance |
£1,286,713 |
2,121,018 |
Switzerland |
Clearance |
CHF1,740,000 |
1,902,263 |
Germany |
Clearance |
€1,366,182 |
1,816,612 |
Finland |
Clearance |
€1,362,500 |
1,811,716 |
Australia |
Clearance |
A$2,000,000 |
1,806,800 |
Norway |
Clearance |
NOK7,949,000 |
1,262,367 |
Ireland |
Clearance |
€500,000 |
664,850 |
Canada |
Clearance |
C$692,236 |
626,855 |
Netherlands |
Clearance |
€192,000 |
255,302 |
Liechtenstein |
Clearance |
CHF40,000 |
43,730 |
Total |
|
|
30,273,798 |
Since 2010, national and international contributions totaled more than $156 million, with international assistance representing 92% of the total mine action budget. Cambodia’s mine action strategy provided a budget of $130.8 million for 2010–2014; the target has therefore been achieved.
The national strategy estimated that more than $175 million would be needed for activities in 2015–2019.[4] But while funding requirements are increasing, there are some concerns about a potential decline in international assistance in the next few years. In June 2015, Prum Sophakmonkol, Secretary-General of the Cambodian Mine Action and Victim Assistance Authority, expressed some doubts about Cambodia’s ability to maintain its demining efforts if funding from international partners starts dropping, and was quoted in the media saying that “Money to support mine action from the Cambodian government needs to be balanced with funding for other priorities...We don’t think Cambodia can shoulder this without other countries’ support.”[5]
Summary of contributions: 2010–2014[6]
Year |
National contributions |
International contributions |
Total contributions |
2014 |
N/R |
30,273,798 |
30,273,798 |
2013 |
3,100,000 |
32,885,151 |
35,985,151 |
2012 |
2,542,000 |
21,450,721 |
23,992,721 |
2011 |
2,874,000 |
35,777,295 |
38,651,295 |
2010 |
3,500,000 |
24,310,742 |
27,810,742 |
Total |
12,016,000 |
144,697,707 |
156,713,707 |
Note: N/R = not reported
[1] Australia Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons Protocol II Annual Report, 27 March 2015; Canada Mine Ban Treaty Article 7 Report, Form J, 30 April 2014; response to Monitor questionnaire by Anna Merrifield, Desk Officer, Finnish Ministry for Foreign Affairs, 13 May 2015; Germany Mine Ban Treaty Article 7 Report, Form J, 16 March 2015; Ireland Mine Ban Treaty Article 7 Report, Form J, June 2015; email from Owen Blackburn, Humanitarian Unit, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Irish Aid, 5 June 2015; Japan Convention on Cluster Munitions Article 7 Report, Form I, 30 April 2015; Liechtenstein Convention on Cluster Munitions Article 7 Report, Form I, 28 April 2015; response to Monitor questionnaire by Simone van der Post, Policy Officer, Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 7 May 2015; response to Monitor questionnaire by Ingrid Schoyen, Senior Adviser, Section for Humanitarian Affairs, Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 18 May 2015; Switzerland Convention on Cluster Munitions Article 7 Report, Form I, 29 April 2015; response to Monitor questionnaire by Laura Callaghan-Pace, Policy Analyst, Department for International Development, United Kingdom, 1 May 2015; and US Department of State, “To Walk the Earth in Safety – 2015,” 2 November 2015.
[2] Cambodia Mine Action Center Press Release, “The Government of United States provides grant assistance to NPA-CMAC with total amount of US$2.5 million for 'Clearance of Explosive Remnants of War in East Cambodia,'” 8 October 2015.
[3] Average exchange rate for 2014: A$1=US$0.9034; C$1.1043=US$1; €1=US$1.3297; ¥105.74=US$1; NOK6.2969=US$1; CHF0.9147=US$1; £1=US$1.6484. US Federal Reserve, “List of Exchange Rates (Annual),” 2 January 2015.
[4] Government of Cambodia, “National Mine Action Strategy 2010-2019,” Annex B, p. 23.
[5] “Money a worry for deminers ahead of 2019 clean-up deadline,” The Phnom Penh Post, 6 June 2015.
[6] See previous Monitor reports.