Vietnam
Support for Mine Action
In 2017, five donors contributed US$13.8 million for clearance, victim assistance, and risk education in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam; this was $1.7 million more than in 2016 (a 14% increase).[1] As in 2016 and 2015, the US provided the largest contribution, with a total of $12.5 million, which represents more than 90% of total international assistance provided in 2017.
International contributions: 2017[2]
Donor |
Sector |
Amount (national currency) |
Amount (US$) |
US |
Various |
$12,500,000 |
12,500,000 |
Japan |
Clearance |
¥71,336,292 |
636,363 |
Norway |
Clearance |
NOK1,998,000 |
241,657 |
Ireland |
Clearance and risk education |
€200,000 |
226,020 |
United Kingdom |
Clearance and risk education |
£135,087 |
174,127 |
Total |
13,778,167 |
In 2017, as in previous years, Vietnam did not report national contributions to mine action, but it was reported in the media that Vietnam was spending $30 million per year on mine clearance work.[3] The lack of transparency and legislative oversight makes tracking government expenditures for mine action difficult. In April 2010, Vietnam released its 2010–2025 National Mine Action Plan. Although the plan did not include projected costs, a media article at the time of the plan’s release reported Vietnam “annually invests hundreds of billions of dong on disposing UXO [sic] and supporting victims.”[4]
International contributions to mine action in Vietnam have totaled some $49.4 million since 2013, representing an average of about $10 million per year.
Summary of contributions: 2013–2017[5]
Year |
Amount (US$) |
% change from previous year |
2017 |
13,778,168 |
+14 |
2016 |
12,076,669 |
+68 |
2015 |
7,207,098 |
-2 |
2014 |
7,349,784 |
-18 |
2013 |
8,990,313 |
0 |
Total |
49,402,032 |
[1] Japan, Convention on Cluster Munitions Article 7 Report, Form I, 30 April 2018; United Kingdom, Convention on Cluster Munitions Article 7 Report, Form I, 30 April 2018; and emails from Leah Murphy, Desk Officer, Disarmament and Non-Proliferation Section, Ireland Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, 25 September 2018. From Ingrid Schoyen, Senior Adviser, Section for Humanitarian Affairs, Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 25 September 2018; and from Katherine Baker, Foreign Affairs Officer, Weapons Removal and Abatement, US Department of State, 9 and 24 October 2018.
[2] Average exchange rate for 2017: €1=US$1.1301; NOK8.2679=US$1; £1=US$1.289; ¥112.1=US$1. US Federal Reserve, “List of Exchange Rates (Annual),” 11 January 2018.
[3] “VN calls on donors to help with clean up of explosives,” Vietnam News, 15 March 2014.
[4] “PM approves programme on unexploded ordnance,” Vietnam News (Hanoi), 29 April 2010. The equivalent of VND100 billion is approximately $5.28 million. Average exchange rate for 2009: US$1=VND17493.10, Oanda.com, Historical Exchange Rates.
[5] See previous Monitor reports. Totals for international support in 2016, 2015 and 2014 have been updated as a result of revised US funding data.