Summary

State Party Benin ratified the Convention on Cluster Munitions in July 2017. Benin has participated in several meetings of the convention, most recently in September 2019, and voted in favor of a key United Nations (UN) resolution promoting the convention in December 2020.

Benin provided its initial Article 7 transparency report for the convention in June 2019, which confirmed that it has never used, produced, transferred, or stockpiled cluster munitions.

Policy

The Republic of Benin signed the Convention on Cluster Munitions on 3 December 2008 and ratified it on 10 July 2017. The convention entered into force for the country on 1 January 2018.

Benin has not undertaken any national implementation measures, such as introducing legislation to enforce the convention’s provisions.[1]

Benin provided its initial Article 7 transparency report for the convention on 20 June 2019.[2] As of August 2022, Benin has not provided its updated report due by 30 April each year.

Benin participated in the Oslo Process that created the Convention on Cluster Munitions and was a strong advocate for a comprehensive ban.[3]

Benin has attended most of the convention’s meetings, most recently the Ninth Meeting of States Parties in Geneva in September 2019.[4] It was invited to, but did not attend, the convention’s Second Review Conference held in November 2020 and September 2021. Benin did not participate in the intersessional meetings of the convention in May 2022, but attended previous intersessional meetings in 2011–2014.

Benin was absent from the vote on a United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) resolution urging full implementation of the convention in December 2021.[5] It had previously voted in favor of the annual UNGA resolution promoting the convention since it was first introduced in 2015.

Benin has also voted in favor of UNGA resolutions expressing outrage at the use of cluster munitions in Syria.[6]

Benin has not elaborated its views on certain important issues relating to its interpretation and implementation of the convention, such as the prohibition on transit; the prohibition on assistance during joint military operations with states not party that may use cluster munitions; the prohibition on foreign stockpiling of cluster munitions; the prohibition on investment in production of cluster munitions; and the need for retention of cluster munitions for training and development purposes.

Benin is a State Party to the Mine Ban Treaty. It is also party to the Convention on Conventional Weapons (CCW).

Use, production, transfer, and stockpiling

Benin reported in June 2019 that it has never produced cluster munitions and does not stockpile them.[7] Previously, Benin reiterated several times that it had never used, produced, transferred, or stockpiled cluster munitions.[8]

Policy

The Republic of Benin signed the Mine Ban Treaty on 3 December 1997 and ratified it on 25 September 1998, becoming a State Party on 1 March 1999. Legislation to enforce the antipersonnel mine prohibition domestically has not yet been enacted.

Benin last attended a meeting of the treaty in 2016 when it attended the Fifteenth Meeting of States Parties in Santiago in November–December 2016. Benin also attended the Third Review Conference in Maputo in June 2014. Benin submitted its seventh Mine Ban Treaty Article 7 report on 24 June 2008, but has not submitted subsequent annual reports.

On 5 December 2018, Benin voted in favor the UN General Assembly (UNGA) Resolution 73/61 promoting universalization and implementation of the convention.[1]

In 2002, Benin opened a regional demining training center for Economic Community of Western African States members.

Benin is party to the Convention on Conventional Weapons, but not its Amended Protocol II on landmines or Protocol V on explosive remnants of war. Benin is party to the Convention on Cluster Munitions.

Production, import, transfer, and stockpiling

Benin has never used, produced, imported, or stockpiled antipersonnel mines, including for training purposes.

In 2022, Benin received a total of US$804,454 in international mine action assistance from two donors: France and Japan.[1] This represents a 43% decrease from the $1.4 million received in 2021.

The contributions in 2022 went toward capacity-building activities implemented by Humanity & Inclusion (HI) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).  

International contributions: 2022[2]

Note: N/A=not applicable.

Five-year support for mine action

In the five-year period from 2018–2022, international mine action assistance to Benin totaled approximately $2.7 million.

Summary of international contributions: 2018–2022[3]