Somalia
Support for Mine Action
In 2022, eight donors contributed a total of US$12.7 million for mine action activities in Somalia. This represents a 48% increase from the $8.6 million provided in 2021.[1]
The largest contribution was from the United States (US), which provided $4 million. Germany contributed almost $3 million. Italy and Germany contributed to victim assistance activities in 2022, though most of the international support provided to Somalia went toward clearance and risk education.
International contributions: 2022[2]
|
Donor |
Sector |
Amount (national currency) |
Amount (US$) |
|
United States |
Clearance |
US$4,000,000 |
4,000,000 |
|
Germany |
Clearance, victim assistance |
€2,807,000 |
2,956,894 |
|
Norway |
Clearance |
NOK18,170,235 |
1,890,016 |
|
United Kingdom |
Clearance, risk education |
£1,275,448 |
1,577,857 |
|
Italy |
Victim assistance |
€1,000,000 |
1,053,400 |
|
Ireland |
Clearance, risk education |
€600,000 |
632,040 |
|
Finland |
Clearance, risk education |
€380,000 |
400,292 |
|
UNICEF |
Capacity-building |
US$200,000 |
200,000 |
|
Total |
- |
N/A |
12,710,499 |
Note: UNICEF=United Nations Children’s Fund; N/A=not applicable.
Five-year support for mine action
In the five-year period from 2018–2022, international support to mine action in Somalia totaled some $58.6 million, with the annual contribution fluctuating from a low of $8.6 million in 2021 to a high of $12.7 million in 2022.
Summary of international contributions: 2018–2022[3]
|
Year |
International contributions (US$) |
% change from previous year |
|
2022 |
12,710,499 |
+48 |
|
2021 |
8,600,000 |
-47 |
|
2020 |
16,100,000 |
+54 |
|
2019 |
10,438,188 |
-3 |
|
2018 |
10,737,145 |
+22 |
|
Total |
58,585,832 |
N/A |
Note: N/A=not applicable.
[1] Finland: response to Monitor questionnaire by the Unit for Arms Control, Finland Ministry for Foreign Affairs, 1 September 2023. Germany: Germany Convention on Cluster Munitions Article 7 Report (for calendar year 2022), Form I; and Germany Mine Ban Treaty Article 7 Report (for calendar year 2022), Form J. Ireland: Ireland Mine Ban Treaty Article 7 Report (for calendar year 2022), Form J. Italy: Italy Convention on Cluster Munitions Article 7 Report (for calendar year 2022), Form I. Norway: Norway Mine Ban Treaty Article 7 Report (for calendar year 2022), Form J. UNICEF: United Nations Mine Action Service (UNMAS) “Annual Report 2022,” April 2023, pp. 119–120. United Kingdom: UK Mine Ban Treaty Article 7 Report (for calendar year 2022), Form J. United States: US Department of State, Bureau of Political-Military Affairs, Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement (PM/WRA), “To Walk the Earth in Safety: 1 October 2021–30 September 2022,” 4 April 2023. For Article 7 reports, see Mine Ban Treaty Article 7 Database and Convention on Cluster Munitions Article 7 Database. It is likely that some of the support reported by donors for Somalia contributed to mine action activities in Somaliland, though it was not reported as such.
[2] Average exchange rates for 2022: €1=US$1.0534; NOK9.6138=US$1; £1.2371=US$1. US Federal Reserve, “List of Exchange Rates (Annual),” 9 January 2023.
[3] See previous Support for Mine Action country profiles. ICBL-CMC, “Country Profiles: Somalia,” undated; ICBL, Landmine Monitor 2022 (ICBL-CMC: Geneva, November 2022); and ICBL, Landmine Monitor 2021 (ICBL-CMC: Geneva, November 2021).